AGO Teleskop

Najprej naredim seznam vseh slik v datoteko imlist

$ ls -1 M5_W_?.fts   > imlist
$ ls -1 M5_W_??.fts  >> imlist
$ ls -1 M5_W_???.fts >> imlist

po potebi še popravim vrstni red slik v urejevalniku teksta,
tako da so slike v kronološkem vrstnem redu. Slabe slike takoj odstranim iz mape.

Nato naložim pakete v irafu:

ecl> noao
noao> digiphot
digi> daophot

Pripravim parametre za fotometrijo:

daophot> imstat M5_W_2 nclip=5
#               IMAGE      NPIX      MEAN    STDDEV       MIN       MAX
               M5_W_2   4065336     4858.      116.     4510.     5206.

daophot> lpar datapars
       (scale = 1.)             Image scale in units per pixel
     (fwhmpsf = 4.6)            FWHM of the PSF in scale units
    (emission = yes)            Features are positive?
       (sigma = 116.)           Standard deviation of background in counts
     (datamin = 500.)           Minimum good data value
     (datamax = 57000.)         Maximum good data value
       (noise = "poisson")      Noise model
     (ccdread = "rdnoise")      CCD readout noise image header keyword
        (gain = "gain")         CCD gain image header keyword
   (readnoise = 0.)             CCD readout noise in electrons
       (epadu = 1.)             Gain in electrons per count
    (exposure = "exptime")      Exposure time image header keyword
     (airmass = "airmass")      Airmass image header keyword
      (filter = "filter")       Filter image header keyword
     (obstime = "mjd")          Time of observation image header keyword
       (itime = 1.)             Exposure time
    (xairmass = INDEF)          Airmass
     (ifilter = "INDEF")        Filter
       (otime = "INDEF")        Time of observation
        (mode = "ql")           

Nastavim še prag detekcije na 4 sigma, ostalo pusti isto:       

daophot> lpar findpars
   (threshold = 4.)             Threshold in sigma for feature detection
      (nsigma = 1.5)            Width of convolution kernel in sigma
       (ratio = 1.)             Ratio of minor to major axis of Gaussian kernel
       (theta = 0.)             Position angle of major axis of Gaussian kernel
     (sharplo = 0.2)            Lower bound on sharpness for feature detectio
     (sharphi = 1.)             Upper bound on sharpness for  feature detection
     (roundlo = -1.)            Lower bound on roundness for feature detection
     (roundhi = 1.)             Upper bound on roundness for feature detection
(mkdetections = no)             Mark detections on the image display?
        (mode = "ql")          
                

       
Poiščem zvezde na prvi sliki,

daophot> unlearn daofind
daophot> daofind  M5_W_2 

Za kontrolo zvezde narišem na sliko, nastavim parametre v tvmark::

daophot> epar tvmark
        frame = 1               Default frame number for display
       coords = ""              Input coordinate list
     (logfile = "")             Output log file
     (autolog = no)             Automatically log each marking command
    (outimage = "")             Output snapped image
   (deletions = "")             Output coordinate deletions list 
    (commands = "")             Image cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
        (mark = "circle")       The mark type
       (radii = "10")           Radii in image pixels of concentric circles
     (lengths = "0")            Lengths and width in image pixels of concentric rectangle
        (font = "raster")       Default font
       (color = 204)            Gray level of marks to be drawn
       (label = no)             Label the marked coordinates
      (number = no)             Number the marked coordinates
    (nxoffset = 8)              X offset in display pixels of number
    (nyoffset = 8)              Y offset in display pixels of number
   (pointsize = 3)              Size of mark type point in display pixels
      (txsize = 1)              Size of text and numbers in font units
   (tolerance = 1.5)            Tolerance for deleting coordinates in image pixels
 (interactive = no)             Mode of use
        (mode = "ql")           

izvedem in dobim sliko, povečen izrez:

daophot> tvmark 1  M5_W_2.fts.coo.1     

Alogoritem dao je našel vse zvezde. Datoteko M5_W_2.coo.1 prevedemo v ekvatorialni kordinatni sistem (world) in jo uprabim tudi pri naslednjih slikah:

daophot> epar wcsctran
        input = "M5_W_2.fts.coo.1"    The input coordinate files
       output = ""M5.coo.wcs    The output coordinate files
        image = "M5_W_2"       The input images
        inwcs = "logical"         The input coordinate system
       outwcs = "world"       The output coordinate system
     (columns = "1 2")          List of input file columns
       (units = "degres")       List of input coordinate units
     (formats = "%12.8f")       List of output coordinate formats
(min_sigdigit = 11)             Minimum precision of output coordinates
     (verbose = yes)            Write comments to the output file ?
        (mode = "ql")           

Datoteka zvezde M5.coo.wcs ima koordinate rektascenzija in deklinacija v stopinjah (world ali wcs).

Zdaj lahko na vseh slika kopice naredim grobo aperturno fotometrijo, namreč magnitude bom potreboval pri naslednjih taskih.

daophot> lpar phot
        image = "@imlist"       Input image(s)
       coords = "M5.coo.wcs"    Input coordinate list(s) (default: image.coo.?)
       output = "default"       Output photometry file(s) (default: image.mag.?
      skyfile = ""              Input sky value file(s)
    (plotfile = "")             Output plot metacode file
    (datapars = "")             Data dependent parameters
  (centerpars = "")             Centering parameters
  (fitskypars = "")             Sky fitting parameters
    (photpars = "")             Photometry parameters
 (interactive = no)             Interactive mode?
    (radplots = no)             Plot the radial profiles?
   (icommands = "")             Image cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
   (gcommands = "")             Graphics cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
       (wcsin = "world")        The input coordinate system (logical,tv,physica
      (wcsout = )_.wcsout)      The output coordinate system (logical,tv,physic
       (cache = )_.cache)       Cache the input image pixels in memory?
      (verify = )_.verify)      Verify critical phot parameters?
      (update = )_.update)      Update critical phot parameters?
     (verbose = )_.verbose)     Print phot messages?
    (graphics = )_.graphics)    Graphics device
     (display = )_.display)     Display device

za vsako sliko dobim datoteke .mag.1
Iz prve slike izberemo 25 dobrih zvezd za izdelavo modela profila

daophot> lpar pstselect
        image = "M5_W_2"        Image for which to build psf star list
     photfile = "default"       Photometry file (default: image.mag.?)
      pstfile = "default"       Output psf star list file (default: image.pst.?
      maxnpsf = 30              Maximum number of psf stars
     (mkstars = yes)            Mark deleted and accepted psf stars
    (plotfile = "")             Output plot metacode file
    (datapars = "")             Data dependent parameters
     (daopars = "")             Psf fitting parameters
 (interactive = yes)            Select psf stars interactively?
    (plottype = "mesh")         Default plot type (mesh|contour|radial)
   (icommands = "")             Image cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
   (gcommands = "")             Graphics cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
       (wcsin = )_.wcsin)       The input coordinate system (logical,tv,physica
      (wcsout = )_.wcsout)      The output coordinate system (logical,tv,physic
       (cache = )_.cache)       Cache the input image pixels in memory?
      (verify = )_.verify)      Verify critical pstselect parameters?
      (update = )_.update)      Update critical pstselect parameters?
     (verbose = )_.verbose)     Print pstselect messages?
    (graphics = )_.graphics)    Graphics device
     (display = )_.display)     Image display device
    

Z miško gremo na zvezdo in tipka "a" na sliki zvezde in "a" na profilu (a -add star, d- delete star), za vsako zvezdo, končam z "q". Dobim datoteko M5_W_2.pst.1 in jo pretvorimo v world koordnatni sistem:

daophot> epar wcsctran
        input = "M5_W_2.pst.1"  The input coordinate files
       output = "M5.pst.wcs"    The output coordinate files
        image = "M5_W_2"        The input images
        inwcs = "logical"       The input coordinate system
       outwcs = "world"         The output coordinate system
     (columns = "2 3")          List of input file columns
       (units = "degres")       List of input coordinate units
     (formats = "%12.8f")       List of output coordinate formats
(min_sigdigit = 11)             Minimum precision of output coordinates
     (verbose = yes)            Write comments to the output file ?
        (mode = "ql") 

 daophot> wcsctran       

isto je če tipkam parametre v vrstici:

daophot> wcsctran M5_W_2.pst.1  M5.pst.wcs M5_W_2 logical world columns="2 3" units="degres"  formats="%12.8f"   

daophot> epar wcsctran
        input = "M5.pst.wcs"    The input coordinate files
       output = "@imlist//.pst.1" The output coordinate files
        image = "@imlist"       The input images
        inwcs = "world"         The input coordinate system
       outwcs = "logical"       The output coordinate system
     (columns = "2 3")          List of input file columns
       (units = "degres")       List of input coordinate units
     (formats = "%12.8f")       List of output coordinate formats
(min_sigdigit = 11)             Minimum precision of output coordinates
     (verbose = yes)            Write comments to the output file ?
        (mode = "ql") 

Žal task wcsctran pokvari pravilen format datotek pst od daophota, zato je poterbno popraviti na
pravilen format datotek .pst s zunanjim programom:

$./fformat.py M5_W_*.pst.1

Končno lahko naredim psf profil zvezd za vsako sliko:

daophot> lpar psf
        image = ""              Input image(s) for which to build PSF
     photfile = "default"       Input photometry file(s) (default: image.mag.?)
      pstfile = "default"       Input psf star list(s) (default: image.pst.?)
     psfimage = "default"       Output PSF image(s) (default: image.psf.?)
     opstfile = "default"       Output PSF star list(s) (default: image.pst.?)
    groupfile = "default"       Output PSF star group file(s) (default: image.p
    (plotfile = "")             Output plot metacode file
    (datapars = "")             Data dependent parameters
     (daopars = "")             Psf fitting parameters
   (matchbyid = yes)            Match psf star list to photometry file(s) by id
 (interactive = no)             Compute the psf interactively?
     (mkstars = no)             Mark deleted and accepted psf stars?
   (showplots = no)             Show plots of PSF stars?
    (plottype = "mesh")         Default plot type (mesh|contour|radial)
   (icommands = "")             Image cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
   (gcommands = "")             Graphics cursor: [x y wcs] key [cmd]
       (wcsin = )_.wcsin)       The input coordinate system (logical,tv,physica
      (wcsout = )_.wcsout)      The output coordinate system (logical,tv,physic
       (cache = )_.cache)       Cache the input image pixels in memory?
      (verify = )_.verify)      Verify critical psf parameters?
      (update = )_.update)      Update critical psf parameters?
     (verbose = )_.verbose)     Print psf messages?
    (graphics = )_.graphics)    Graphics device
     (display = )_.display)     Display device
        (mode = "ql")   

daophot> psf        

Pogledamo kako izgleda profil zvezde:

daophot> seepsf M5_W_2.psf.1.fts profil.fts
daophot> daophot> display profil zscale- zrange- z1=20 z2=5000

zdaj končno naredimo allstar, to je modeliranje, profilna fotometrija

daophot> epar allstar
        image = "@imlist"       Image corresponding to photometry
     photfile = "default"       Input photometry file (default: image.mag.?)
     psfimage = "default"       PSF image (default: image.psf.?)
  allstarfile = "default"       Output photometry file (default: image.als.?)
      rejfile = "default"       Output rejections file (default: image.arj.?)
     subimage = "default"       Subtracted image (default: image.sub.?)
    (datapars = "")             Data dependent parameters
     (daopars = "")             Psf fitting parameters
       (wcsin = )_.wcsin)       The input coordinate system (logical,tv,physica
      (wcsout = )_.wcsout)      The output coordinate system (logical,tv,physic
      (wcspsf = )_.wcspsf)      The psf coordinate system (logical,tv,physical)
       (cache = yes)            Cache the data in memory?
      (verify = )_.verify)      Verify critical allstar parameters?
      (update = )_.update)      Update critical allstar parameters?
     (verbose = )_.verbose)     Print allstar messages?
     (version = 2)              Version
        (mode = "ql")   

daophot> allstar

in dobimo als.1 datoteke, ki vsebujejo instrumentalne magnitude in napake.

Instrumentalne magnitude pretvorim v standardne. Potrebujem datoteko primerjalnih zvezd, izberem iz kataloga zvezde, ki so na glavni veji HR diagrama ali imajo barvni indeks med 0.3 in 0.9 in spravim v datoteko comparison.txt, vzorec:

#      identifier         typ  coord1 (ICRS,J2000/2000)        Mag B  Mag V 
2MASS_J15182262+0206397   RG* 15:18:22.624 +02:06:39.73        14.970 14.007
2MASS_J15185239+0203551   RG* 15:18:52.394 +02:03:55.19        15.280 14.340
2MASS_J15184672+0203516   RG* 15:18:46.72  +02:03:51.6         15.670 14.750
        

potem uporabim program za kalibracijo na standardne magnitude

./allstar.py $(cat imlist)

in dobim datoteke:

mlist.lst    seznam slik v obdelavi
starlist.lst  seznam vseh zvezd v obdelavi
obslist.std   seznam vseh meritev vseh zvezd, magnitude oreračunane na standardne iz primerjalnih zvezd

Iskanje spremenljivk in risanje s programom

./zvezde3.pl obslist.std

Za vsako zvezdo naredi svetlobno krivuljo in izračuna Stetson-Welch variability index:
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1993AJ....105.1813W/0001813.000.html
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1408.4137v3.pdf

Podatke zberemo v html tabeli: http://dome.ago.fmf.uni-lj.si/podatki/V2016-07-19/obdelava/variable.html

Opombe:
slabe slike 20, 38, 33